NCERT chemistry for class 12

image

SYLLABUS

Unit 1 The Solid State

1.1 General Characteristics of Solid State

1.2 Amorphous and Crystalline Solids

1.3 Classification of Crystalline Solids

1.4 Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells

1.5 Number of Atoms in a Unit Cell

1.6 Close Packed Structures 

1.7 Packing Efficiency 

1.8 Calculations Involving Unit Cell Dimensions

1.9 Imperfections in Solids

1.10 Electrical Properties

1.11 Magnetic Properties

Unit 2 Solutions

2.1 Types of Solutions

2.2 Expressing Concentration of Solutions

2.3 Solubility

2.4 Vapour Pressure of Liquid Solutions

2.5 Ideal and Non-ideal Solutions

2.6 Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass

2.7 Abnormal Molar Masses

Unit 3 Electrochemistry

3.1 Electrochemical Cells

3.2 Galvanic Cells

3.3 Nernst Equation

3.4 Conductance of Electrolytic Solutions

3.5 Electrolytic Cells and Electrolysis

3.6 Batteries

3.7 Fuel Cells

3.8 Corrosion

Unit 4 Chemical Kinetics

4.1 Rate of a Chemical Reaction

4.2 Factors Influencing Rate of a Reaction

4.3 Integrated Rate Equations

4.4 Temperature Dependence of the Rate of a Reaction

4.5 Collision Theory of Chemical Reactions

Unit 5 Surface Chemistry

5.1 Adsorption

5.2 Catalysis

5.3 Colloids

5.4 Classification of Colloids

5.5 Emulsions

5.6 Colloids Around Us

Unit 6 General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements

6.1 Occurrence of Metals

6.2 Concentration of Ores

6.3 Extraction of Crude Metal from Concentrated Ore

6.4 Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy

6.5 Electrochemical Principles of Metallurgy

6.6 Oxidation Reduction

6.7 Refining

6.8 Uses of Aluminium, Copper, Zinc and Iron

Unit 7 The p-Block Elements

7.1 Group 15 Elements

7.2 Dinitrogen

7.3 Ammonia

7.4 Oxides of Nitrogen

7.5 Nitric Acid

7.6 Phosphorus – Allotropic Forms

7.7 Phosphine

7.8 Phosphorus Halides

7.9 Oxoacids of Phosphorus

7.10 Group 16 Elements

7.11 Dioxygen

7.12 Simple Oxides

7.13 Ozone

7.14 Sulphur – Allotropic Forms

7.15 Sulphur Dioxide

7.16 Oxoacids of Sulphur

7.17 Sulphuric Acid

7.18 Group 17 Elements

7.19 Chlorine

7.20 Hydrogen Chloride

7.21 Oxoacids of Halogens

7.22 Interhalogen Compounds

7.23 Group 18 Elements

Unit 8 The d-and f-Block Elements

8.1 Position in the Periodic Table

8.2 Electronic Configurations of the d-Block Elements

8.3 General Properties of the Transition Elements (d-Block)

8.4 Some Important Compounds of Transition Elements

8.5 The Lanthanoids

8.6 The Actinoids

8.7 Some Applications of d- and f-Block Elements 

Unit 9 Coordination Compounds

9.1 Werner's Theory of Coordination Compounds

9.2 Definitions of Some Important Terms Pertaining to Coordination Compounds

9.3 Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds

9.4 Isomerism in Coordination Compounds

9.5 Bonding in Coordination Compounds

9.6 Bonding in Metal Carbony ls

9.7 Importance and Applications of Coordination Compounds

PART-II

Unit 10 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

10.1 Classification

10.2 Nomenclature

10.3 Nature of C–X Bond

10.4 Methods of Preparation of Haloalkanes

10.5 Preparation of Haloarenes

10.6 Physical Properties

10.7 Chemical Reactions

10.8 Polyhalogen Compounds

Unit 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

11.1 Classification

11.2 Nomenclature

11.3 Structures of Functional Groups

11.4 Alcohols and Phenols

11.5 Some Commercially Important Alcohols

11.6 Ethers

Unit 12 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

12.1 Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group

12.2 Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones

12.3 Physical Properties

12.4 Chemical Reactions

12.5 Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones

12.6 Nomenclature and Structure of Carboxyl Group

12.7 Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids

12.8 Physical Properties

12.9 Chemical Reactions

12.10 Uses of Carboxylic Acids

Unit 13 Amines

13.1 Structure of Amines

13.2 Classification

13.3 Nomenclature

13.4 Preparation of Amines

13.5 Physical Properties

13.6 Chemical Reactions

13.7 Method of Preparation of Diazonium Salts

13.8 Physical Properties

13.9 Chemical Reactions

13.10 Importance of Diazonium Salts in Synthesis of Aromatic Compounds

Unit 14 Biomolecules

14.1 Carbohydrates

14.2 Proteins

14.3 Enzymes

14.4 Vitamins

14.5 Nucleic Acids

14.6 Hormones

Unit 15 Polymers

15.1 Classification of Polymers

15.2 Types of Polymerisation Reactions

15.3 Molecular Mass of Polymers

15.4 Biodegradable Polymers

15.5 Polymers of Commercial Importance

Unit 16 Chemistry in Everyday Life

16.1 Drugs and their Classification

16.2 Drug-Target Interaction

16.3 Therapeutic Action of Different Classes of Drugs

16.4 Chemicals in Food 

16.5 Cleansing Agents